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Archival Data Storage Market Size, Share 2023
Archival data storage is a form of storage designed for data which is not needed at present but needs to be stored so that it can be retrieved in the future, if necessary. Usually, backup systems often allow for archiving records. Corporates and government organizations of various countries have started to understand the value of a secure long-term archival storage policy for their sensitive data records. However, sectors such as BFSI and healthcare that use insurance record management and medical imaging have a long tradition of electronic archival storage. Other sector companies have also started to adopt archival data storage to save their data for the long term.
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Archival Data Storage, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Archival Data Storage. This report contains market size and forecasts of Archival Data Storage in global, including the following market information:
Global Archival Data Storage Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2024-2029, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2022 (%)
The global Archival Data Storage market was valued at US$ million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2029, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2022, While China is to reach $ Million.
On-premise Segment to Reach $ Million by 2029, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Archival Data Storage include Google, LLC, IBM Corporation, Oracle Corporation, Microsoft, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cohesity, Inc., SolarWinds MSP, StoneFly and HUAWEI, etc. in 2022, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Archival Data Storage companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Archival Data Storage Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Archival Data Storage Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
On-premise
Cloud-based
Global Archival Data Storage Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Archival Data Storage Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
BFSI
Entertainment
Education
Healthcare
IT & Telecommunication
Military & Defense
Others
Global Archival Data Storage Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
Global Archival Data Storage Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Archival Data Storage revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Archival Data Storage revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Google, LLC
IBM Corporation
Oracle Corporation
Microsoft
Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Cohesity, Inc.
SolarWinds MSP
StoneFly
HUAWEI
Alibaba
Tencent
Baidu
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Archival Data Storage, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Archival Data Storage market size in revenue.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Archival Data Storage company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Archival Data Storage in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
| Report Attributes |
Report Details |
| Report Title |
Archival Data Storage Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2023-2029 |
| Historical Year |
2018 to 2022 (Data from 2010 can be provided as per availability) |
| Base Year |
2022 |
| Forecast Year |
2030 |
| Number of Pages |
66 Pages |
| Customization Available |
Yes, the report can be customized as per your need. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Archival Data Storage Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Archival Data Storage Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Archival Data Storage Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Archival Data Storage Market Size: 2022 VS 2029
2.2 Global Archival Data Storage Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2029
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Archival Data Storage Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Archival Data Storage Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Archival Data Storage Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Archival Data Storage Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies Archival Data Storage Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Archival Data Storage Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Archival Data Storage Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Archival Data Storage Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2029
4.1.2 On-premise
4.1.3 Cloud-based
4.2 By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2024-2029
4.2.3 By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2022 & 2029
5.1.2 BFSI
5.1.3 Entertainment
5.1.4 Education
5.1.5 Healthcare
5.1.6 IT & Telecommunication
5.1.7 Military & Defense
5.1.8 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2024-2029
5.2.3 By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2022 & 2029
6.2 By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2024-2029
6.2.3 By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2029
6.3.2 US Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.3.3 Canada Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.3.4 Mexico Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2029
6.4.2 Germany Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.3 France Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.4 U.K. Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.5 Italy Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.6 Russia Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.8 Benelux Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2029
6.5.2 China Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.3 Japan Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.4 South Korea Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.6 India Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2029
6.6.2 Brazil Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.3 Argentina Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2029
6.7.2 Turkey Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.3 Israel Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.5 UAE Archival Data Storage Market Size, 2018-2029
7 Archival Data Storage Companies Profiles
7.1 Google, LLC
7.1.1 Google, LLC Company Summary
7.1.2 Google, LLC Business Overview
7.1.3 Google, LLC Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Google, LLC Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Google, LLC Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 IBM Corporation
7.2.1 IBM Corporation Company Summary
7.2.2 IBM Corporation Business Overview
7.2.3 IBM Corporation Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 IBM Corporation Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 IBM Corporation Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Oracle Corporation
7.3.1 Oracle Corporation Company Summary
7.3.2 Oracle Corporation Business Overview
7.3.3 Oracle Corporation Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Oracle Corporation Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Oracle Corporation Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Microsoft
7.4.1 Microsoft Company Summary
7.4.2 Microsoft Business Overview
7.4.3 Microsoft Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Microsoft Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Microsoft Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Amazon Web Services (AWS)
7.5.1 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Company Summary
7.5.2 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Business Overview
7.5.3 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Cohesity, Inc.
7.6.1 Cohesity, Inc. Company Summary
7.6.2 Cohesity, Inc. Business Overview
7.6.3 Cohesity, Inc. Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Cohesity, Inc. Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Cohesity, Inc. Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 SolarWinds MSP
7.7.1 SolarWinds MSP Company Summary
7.7.2 SolarWinds MSP Business Overview
7.7.3 SolarWinds MSP Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 SolarWinds MSP Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 SolarWinds MSP Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 StoneFly
7.8.1 StoneFly Company Summary
7.8.2 StoneFly Business Overview
7.8.3 StoneFly Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 StoneFly Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 StoneFly Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 HUAWEI
7.9.1 HUAWEI Company Summary
7.9.2 HUAWEI Business Overview
7.9.3 HUAWEI Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 HUAWEI Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.9.5 HUAWEI Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Alibaba
7.10.1 Alibaba Company Summary
7.10.2 Alibaba Business Overview
7.10.3 Alibaba Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Alibaba Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.10.5 Alibaba Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Tencent
7.11.1 Tencent Company Summary
7.11.2 Tencent Business Overview
7.11.3 Tencent Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Tencent Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Tencent Key News & Latest Developments
7.12 Baidu
7.12.1 Baidu Company Summary
7.12.2 Baidu Business Overview
7.12.3 Baidu Archival Data Storage Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 Baidu Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.12.5 Baidu Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Archival Data Storage Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Archival Data Storage Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Archival Data Storage Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Archival Data Storage in Global Market
Table 5. Top Archival Data Storage Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global Archival Data Storage Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies Archival Data Storage Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Archival Data Storage Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Archival Data Storage Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 12. By Type - Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 14. By Application ? Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 15. By Application - Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - Archival Data Storage Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 17. By Region ? Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 18. By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 20. By Country - North America Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 22. By Country - Europe Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 24. By Region - Asia Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 26. By Country - South America Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 30. Google, LLC Company Summary
Table 31. Google, LLC Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 32. Google, LLC Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 33. Google, LLC Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. IBM Corporation Company Summary
Table 35. IBM Corporation Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 36. IBM Corporation Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 37. IBM Corporation Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Oracle Corporation Company Summary
Table 39. Oracle Corporation Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 40. Oracle Corporation Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 41. Oracle Corporation Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Microsoft Company Summary
Table 43. Microsoft Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 44. Microsoft Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 45. Microsoft Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Company Summary
Table 47. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 48. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 49. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Cohesity, Inc. Company Summary
Table 51. Cohesity, Inc. Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 52. Cohesity, Inc. Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 53. Cohesity, Inc. Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. SolarWinds MSP Company Summary
Table 55. SolarWinds MSP Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 56. SolarWinds MSP Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 57. SolarWinds MSP Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. StoneFly Company Summary
Table 59. StoneFly Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 60. StoneFly Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 61. StoneFly Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. HUAWEI Company Summary
Table 63. HUAWEI Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 64. HUAWEI Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 65. HUAWEI Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Alibaba Company Summary
Table 67. Alibaba Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 68. Alibaba Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 69. Alibaba Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Tencent Company Summary
Table 71. Tencent Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 72. Tencent Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 73. Tencent Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Baidu Company Summary
Table 75. Baidu Archival Data Storage Product Offerings
Table 76. Baidu Archival Data Storage Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 77. Baidu Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Archival Data Storage Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Archival Data Storage Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Archival Data Storage Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Archival Data Storage Market Size: 2022 VS 2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, 2018-2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Archival Data Storage Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 9. By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 10. By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 11. By Type - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 12. By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 13. By Application - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 14. By Region - Global Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 15. By Country - North America Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 16. US Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 17. Canada Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 18. Mexico Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 20. Germany Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 21. France Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 22. U.K. Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 23. Italy Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 24. Russia Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 26. Benelux Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 28. China Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 29. Japan Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 30. South Korea Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 32. India Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 33. By Country - South America Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 34. Brazil Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 35. Argentina Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Archival Data Storage Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 37. Turkey Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 38. Israel Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 40. UAE Archival Data Storage Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 41. Google, LLC Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. IBM Corporation Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. Oracle Corporation Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. Microsoft Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. Cohesity, Inc. Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. SolarWinds MSP Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. StoneFly Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 49. HUAWEI Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 50. Alibaba Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 51. Tencent Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 52. Baidu Archival Data Storage Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
